Machine for making nut blanks



lgsanzs March 3l. 1925.

L. A. FRAYER MACHINE FOR MAKING NUT BLANKS Filed Nov. 6, 1922 5 SheetsiSheet l INVEN'rR LEE ^.FR^YER l March 3l, 1925.

L.. A. PRAYER- nanna von unna uur um nuque?. e. 1592:;` 45 suma-sheet` a y. mvEN-rn v .LEEAJRAY R M AT1-Ys.

March 3l. 192.5.

L. A. FRAYER MACHINE FOR MAKING NUT BLANKS File'd Nov. 6, 1922 5 Sheetsl-Shet 3 INVENTOR LEE A.FRAYER 1,531,280' L. A. FRAYER MACHINE FOR MAKING NUT BLANKS Fileid Nov. 6, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR LEE A.FRAYER ww ww mw March 31. 1925.

ATTYS.

Patented Mar. 3l, 1925.

UNITED STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE. l

LEE A. EBAYER, OE COLUMBUS, OHIO, assIGNoE To HIMsELE es TRUSTEE EOE HIM- SELF, WILLIAM E EANNEY, AND WILLIAM H. Bunn, ALL or COLUMBUS, OHIO.

-' MACHINE `FOEIVIAKING NUTv ELANKS.

Application :nea November e, 1922. i serial No. $599,273.

To all whom z'z may concern:

Be vit known that I', LEE'A..F1`:AYEE, a citizen of the United States, v'residing at. Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented ac'ertain new' anduseful Improvement in Machines for .Making Nut Blanks, of which the following isa specification., .Y This invention relates more particularly f to the type. of'- machine in which the nut blank ork other device is drilledand cut from a bar of fed and rotated stock and has. for its object tofprovide an lautomatic machine improved in sundry respects whereby the varions Operations'are performed Vwith greater speed, economy and accuracy than in4 machines heretofore proposed. Such'machines are Vcommonly termed bar. machines. The invention isyembodied lin thefmechanism herein shown and described, the features,` and combinations of `features being nally claimed. i

In the accompanying draw1ngs Y Figure 1 isa sidefelevation of. the rlgh .25 hand side of the machine.. f.

Fig. 2 iS asectional detaily showing theY slip joint in the rod for operating the bar feed tube. f f p, Fig; 3 is atop' plan view of the machine.

Fig. 4 is an elevationV of the forward end of the machine. f i 5 Y Fig.5 is an'elevation of the rear end of the machine.L y Fig. 6 is a cross section on thelineV VI-VI Fig. r7 is. a Lcross; sectionon the line VII-VII Fig. Fig. 8 isy a cross section on .theV line VHF-VIII Fig. 3, showing the tool platens turned out. f

y IX-IX Fig. 1 looking down. 1*

, Fig. 10is a cross section on the 4line X-X Fig. 11 is an' edge elevation of oneof the platens in inverted position withy aitool set-V ting device thereon for setting the tools.

Fig.y 12 is a longitudinalsectional view showing the arrangement ofthe bar feeding,

5o chucking, stoppingland-drilling means i Y Y Vof' stock may be substituted for it. In the Fig. 9 is a horizontal section onl the line the rear kgripis also made in different 'sizes Fig. 13 is a front view on a larger scale of the clamping tool holder and means for limiting its movements.

Fig. 14 is an edge view of the same showing in section the fric-tionalmoving means for the tool holder.

The particular variety of nut blank manufactured with the machine as herein shown is known as chamfered washer the washer being `an imitation of one and formed invtegral with the nut. The form of stock bar,

portions of which are shown at 14, is hexagonal in cross section although other forms -of bar can be used. 'The nut blank as cut from the bars is shown at 14a Fig. 12.

f The drawing illustrates two units of K simultaneously operable mechanisms driven kfrom a single source of power. As the two operating units are alike a description of one will suiiice for both.

The Operating parts are inountedin a main frame'l composed of parts 'designed and Vadapted to receive and sustainthe several elements of the invention and the Operating mechanism Y Referring more particularly to Fig. 12 the character 16 designates the feed tube for the barstock, said tube vhaving threaded to it at its forward end a removable section 16a slit to form spring fingers for frietionally engaging vthe stock bar at its forward end kwith suflicientkfirmness toaid the rear grip# ping means Vin Yfeeding it forward when the bar is long and to alone feed the bar forward when the bar is so reducedin length as not to be acted on by the rear gripping means. The section 16a is made removable so'that another section suitably different f to gripva correspondingly different diameter present inventionthe rear end of the tube 16 isV provided with what is termed a ratchet grip,v it; consisting of a cage ring 17 having pockets containing balls 18 movf able on forwardly Vand voutwardly inclined bottoms of the pockets so .that when the tube is moved forward the balls firmly or positively grip the bar, but when the tube is moved rearwardwthey los'eftheir grip. f As tube and having its fork arms furtherv forked to engage trunnions on a yoke ring 2l seated in an annular groove on the end of the tube. The ring 2l permits the feed tube to be rotated. The fork arm is oscillated by yielding means, to be hereinafter referred to, a stop 22 being provided to limit the movement of said arm .and the feed tube rearward.

Y The character 28 designates a chuckvsleeve which has removably connected with its forward end an externally flared collet `24, the jaws of which are compressible against the bar stock when the sleeveV is moved reark wardly and the collet drawn into the correspondingly iiared kcavity 25a of the forward end of the work spindle 25. The said work spindle, the chuck sleeve and chuck jaws 'together with the feedtube are all rotatable together by power from thev main shaft 72, suitable bearings at 26 and 26L being provided. To automatically move and hold the chuck sleeve and jaws axially with reference to the work spindle and for the purpose of compressing the chuck jaws to grip thev stock bar I employ centrifugal elements including weights 27 on arms 28 vpivoted to large gear 30 and linked to levers 29 toes 29n of which engage a forwardly facing annular shoulder on the chuck sleeve 23. Theweights 27, when thrown outward by centrifugal action cause the chuck sleeve and its jaws to move rearwardly with reference to the work spindle'with the effect stated. The parts described are designedl to be rotated `quite rapidly by means of the aforesaid gear wheel 30 impelled by a pinion 30nu on the main drive shaft 7 2 as hereinafter set forth.

81 designates the drill, it being removably secured with a taper or other suitable fit in the rear end of a spindle 32. The spindle 32 is feathered to a quill 33 for longitudinal movement therein, said quill carrying a sprocket wheel 34, driven by a belt 34 from the power shaft 72. The quill is supported to rotate without longitudinal movement in suitable ball bearings in the mainframe, while the rear end of the drill spindle'is supported in similar bearings in: a nonrotative rack sleeve 35 moved backV and forth by a feed pinion 86. Said feed pinion, in the instance shown, has `variable rocking movement and the rack is made long enough to provide for actuation by the feed pinion at different portions thereof to accommodate different lengths of drill. The drill spindle can be adjustedv by means of a hand wheel 3Ga suitably geared to slowly operate pinion 36. The drill spindle is made with an axial bore therethrough to receive a drilldislodging rod 37, such dislodgment being effected by quick forward movement of the rack carrying the drill spindle by manual operation of the `drill feed pinion 36 with its handle 36h (see Figs. 1 and 3) to cause an impact of the forward end of said rod with the cap 38 fixedon the end of the main frame of the machine to loosen the drill in its socket after which the drill may be easily removed. The drill is alined axially with thefed stock bar and drills the hole that, if the part removed .be a nut blank, is to be subsequently threaded.

40 designates the body of the drill guide, said guide having removably fired therein in a suitable'bushing 4l through which the drill operates.` The body 40 is slidingly mounted in ways 42 on a platen 48 said ways being" formed to cause the 'bushing 4l of the drill guide to move inline lwith its airis toward and from the end of the stock bar. For this purpose the guide body 40 carries wormlike stop rack 43 actuated by a worm pinion 44 on a rock shaft 45 lying transversely of the machine and mounted in the platen 48. The stop rack 43 can be adjusted toichange the position thereof in relation to' its actuating pinion 44 by any means, as for example, a worm accessible through hole 46 to engage a worm pinion 4T on the end of the rack. Said worm can be turned with a wrench applied to its exposed end. Such an adjustment is made to vary the thickness of the nut or other devices to be cut from. the stock. rllhe drill guide also functions as a stop in its rearmost position to limit the feed of the stock bar. The recession of the guide on the drill from its bar stopping position and while the latter is working leaves room for the escape of chips made by the drill.

In accordance with my invention I eniploy two tools for cutting the nut, oneI tool to cut the chamfer and washer rim and the other tool to sever the nut at the plane of the end of the washer rim. For b-revitys sake I shall refer to one tool as the chamfer and the other as the severing tool. Means are provided for causing said tools to move successively into cutting position that is to say the severing tool is to follow the completion of the operation of the chainfering tool. Said tools are arranged to work at opposite sides of the bar. The chamfering tool, designated 50, is adjustably se cured on the end of al lever 5l fulcrun'ied on a shaft 52 journaled in a suitable bearing on the platen 48. Said shaft 52 has affixed to it a sector 53 having 'its rim provided with spiral teeth engaged by a spiral pinion 54 on the rock shaft 45 so that when said shaft is rocked it tends to rock the lever 51; but the shaft 52 is equipped with a cone 55 llO slidable onrbut rotating'wi'th the shaft and the platen 48 so that themovement of the chamfering tool is limited in both' directions notwithstanding the. aforesaid;y tendency Vof the spiral pinion 54 acting on the sector gear 53 to carry itbeyond those limits.

The construction just described may be termed correcting means. The severing; tool designated 62 is adjustably secured on` theI end of alever 63, fulcrnmed on a shaft 63C vjournaled in a suitable bearing on the platen 48.` ySaid shaft has ailixed to it a sector65 having its rim cut with spiral teeth to Vform a gear engaged by a spiral pinion 66 on the rock shaftfl so that when saidy shaft isk rocked it rocks the lever 63 and the severing tool into andoutrofposition to cut the bar. The sector gear and vtheir operating pinions are formed or geared tofoperate Vthe tools` in contrary.directions.` Nomeans for limiting f the movement of the severing tool, except as far as might vbe incident to the operationof the spiral pinion 66,'are necessary or shown, first7 because the tool is set. in its holder in proper relation tothe chamfering'tool to followthe cut of that tool7 and second, be-

cause the severing tool is intended to cut through the bar to the region ofthe drill cut to separate the nut blank from the bar. The platen is hingedat it?a to the side of the main iframe and vby removingthe crank or the connection thereof can be turned out into inverted and exposed position, 'asshown in Fig-87 to permit the' convenient aflixing, adjustment, .orremoval of the tools.

The power for. driving or operating the mechanismv is Convr-inientlyl derived from an electric motor 70 installed on top of the main framey at thee forward end thereof. .From the power shaft is extended a belt y71 common to the two main drive shaftsV k72, 72 (see Fig. V3).

e Mounted on a shaft 73 extending between the sides of the main frame is a cam drum 90 having inone face the drill and cut olf cam groovet and in the opposite farce the bar feed'cam groovej.' Also jon said shaft 73l is the chuckoperating cam 76 and a large worm gear 77 operated by a worm pinionV *ZS on a shaft Q4 the latter taking power through an intenire` diate` gear 79 from the main drive shaft 72. The shaft 72 is provided with a vsuitable friction clutch' 95 operated by lever 95 at The'y stock 'y the forward end of the machine.`

bar feed fork levervZO is operated by the camY groove 7 5 tl'irough a bell cranlrSO, rods 81and`82, connected with a crank arm 20a on the shaft of the fork. 8l and S2 is an adjustable frictional slip joint S1va with compressible washers so that theforward movement of the stock bar is limited'by its contact with the drill guide vrrather than by the full stroke of the rod 3l.

This is termed a corrective means. It w'll be remembered that the. rearward stroke of the fork 26 is limited and` corrected by the stop 22. The Vchuck collet is released from `ldie bar and against the pressure of the centrifugal weight by the cam 7 6 acting on crank arm 83a through rod 83 and a crank arm 86 on a rock shaft S? carrying a pivcte-dl yoke 88 engaging trunnions 88a on a bearing ring 89, these parts being connected with they rear portion of the chuck sleeve. The transverse rock shaft is roclied from cam groove 74e through rod 84 and suitable lever 84a and crank connections. The drill feed is valso yoperated from cam groove Pi by means of rod and a suitable lever 85a and crank connections. The several conne:-

tions can be made adjustable, as shown, to

varyrthe extent of the oscillations or reciprocations'of the parts so operated as may be desirable. n

To apply the feed yeach of they shafts 9a'. is provided with an ordinary or suitable friction clutch 91 operated by lever92 vat the frontof the machine and either unit can be operated independentlyof the other or both vcan'be operated. simultaneously.

Suitablepumps` 96 operated by belts 9T from the shaft 72 can be provided for circulating cooling Vliquid around the cutting tools, suitable conduitsand Vpassages being provided for such liquids. Y'

In the construction rshown and described itwill be noted that stock and drill are turnedV in opposite directions;

l lis-it is important that the tools be accurately setl before commencing the operation ofthe Vmachine Va block 67 f of triangular prisn'iatic form -can be temporarily substituted for the drill guide in the platen 'i8 (see Fig. il) the apex of said block serving yas the kguide for locating thecutting edges of the tools in proper cutting relation. to each other. `1

To `prepare the end of the bar for the removal of nut blanks the stock is inserted while theffeed .is in open `position and the Between the rods chucl; in released position Vthe stoel; vbeing C inserted sufficiently to permit trimming the Vend 'of the bar by therhamfer and severing are so timed that thel following operations ensue. Asthe severing tool recedes from its innermost position by .virtue of the gzl weights the earn 7G being so formed a* t` Jn'init n drill then mores rearward to tit nii at or about the same time the chamferii tool also begins to cnt both continuing to cnt,'tlie chamfering tool coinpleting its Work While the drill continues to operate. Alifter the chamfering tool completes .its work the severing tool begins to cnt and continues to cut until a Ce-"y sin left between and the cav Wah by the drill at which time the drill ceases to cnt and rapidly withdraws, the severt tool finishing .its work shortly before drill has entirely Withdrawn from the bar. lllliile the chamfering tool and drill are Working the stock stop begins its'recession. At the completion of the entail' the severN ing tool mores outwardly, the stop rearwardly and .the drill forwardly thus forcibly stripping the finished blank from the end of the drill. When the severing tool has moved to clearance position the cinici: by the action of the cam 7G opens and the destribed cycle of operations repeated.

llhe mit blanks, as fast asY cnt, along i vith the chips escape down a chute and thegrating 98, the nuts being screened or separated from the chips by the grating.

The forms of the parts can be changed Without departing from the gist of the invention asv claimed.

-Vilhat l claini is: p

l. ln a. machine for Ycutting portions from a bar of stock, the combination of mea-ns for intermittently feeding the stock, a drill, a drill guide and means for moving the drill guide. axially with reference to the drill, and means for severing a portion from the bar.

2. ln a machine for cutting portions from a bar of stock, the combination of means for intermittently feeding the stock, a drill, a drill guide and means for moving the drill guide axially with reference tothe drill during the cutting operation of the drill on the stock and means for severing a portion from the bar.

3. ln a machine for cutting portions from a bar of stock. the combination of means for intermittently feeding the stock, aV drill, a drill guide and means for reciprocating the drill guide axially with reference to the drill, and means for severing a portion from the bar.

el. ln a machine for cutting portions from a bar of stoclr, the combination of means for intermittently feeding the stock, a drill, a drill guide and bar stop, and means for moving said drill gnide and bar stop axially with reference to the drill, and means for severing' a portion from the bar.

5. ln an automatic bar machine, tl e comination of a stock chucking means, a stoel;

feeding nieinber consisting of a. friction neiiibei'and a reciprocating fric-tional 0pyrating member.

.(3. ln an automatic bar machine, the combination of a stock clniclzing means, a` stock feeding member consisting of a. friction portion and a positively gripping portion, a reciprocating frictional operating member and a correcting member for the stock feedins' member.

i'. ln an automatic bar machine, the combination a stock chucl-:ing member, a stock feeding member consistinff of a. frictional ei-tion and a ratchet portion, a frictional operating means for said feeding member ind a correcting means for the latter.

S. ln an :intonatie bar machine, the combination of a stock chucliing mechanism, a stock feeding member consisting of a frictional portion, a ratchet portion, a frictional operating` means for said feeding member, a. drilling mechanism, a chamferingrmeans, a cnt oli means, a stock stopping device and an axially moving drill guide.

9. ln an automatic bar machine, the combination of a stock chuclring means, a stock feeding means, a stock stopping means, a drilling` means, a drill guiding means, a cntoff means and a frictionally controlled chamfering means.

10. ln an automatic bar machine, the combination of a stock clniclring means, a stock feed, a Vstocli stopping means, a drilling means, a drill guiding means, a cut-off means, a frictionally controlled chamferingmeans and correcting means therefor.

ll. In an automatic bar machine, the combination of a centrifugally closed stock chuclring means, a stock feeding means consisting of Va friction portion and aratchetable portion, frictional operating means therefor, an axially operated stock stopping mechanism, a drilling means, an axially 0perated drill guide, a cut oli means, frictionally operated chamfering means and stopping and correcting means therefor.

l2. ln an automatic bar machine, the combination of a friction driven chamfering tool `with correctingmeans therefor, a sei/e1` ing tool and a single cam for causing the severing tool to operate subsequent to the operation of the chamfering tool.

13. ln an automatic bar machine, the combination of a main frame, a platen hinged thereto, a chamfering tool and a severing tool mounted on said platen, a rock shaft in said platen for operating said tools, and detachable means for` the application of power to said roel; shaft.

14. In anautomatie bar n'iacliine, the Coinbination of a mainv frame', a platen hinged thereto, said platen adaptedV to receive tool setting nieans, a ehalnferin'g tooland a. severing tool mounted on said platen, a rock shaft insaid platen for operating said tools, and.

detachable nieans for the application of 10 power to said rock shaft.

meansv for the applicationk of operating l5 'power to said tool.

LEE A.y EBAYER. 

